New York State Income Tax (2024)¶
Quick Reference¶
Single and Married Filing Separately¶
- 4.00% on income up to $8,500
- 4.50% on income $8,501 to $11,700
- 5.25% on income $11,701 to $13,900
- 5.50% on income $13,901 to $80,650
- 6.00% on income $80,651 to $215,400
- 6.85% on income $215,401 to $1,077,550
- 9.65% on income $1,077,551 to $5,000,000
- 10.30% on income $5,000,001 to $25,000,000
- 10.90% on income over $25,000,000
Married Filing Jointly and Qualifying Surviving Spouse¶
- 4.00% on income up to $17,150
- 4.50% on income $17,151 to $23,600
- 5.25% on income $23,601 to $27,900
- 5.50% on income $27,901 to $161,550
- 6.00% on income $161,551 to $323,200
- 6.85% on income $323,201 to $2,155,350
- 9.65% on income $2,155,351 to $5,000,000
- 10.30% on income $5,000,001 to $25,000,000
- 10.90% on income over $25,000,000
Head of Household¶
- 4.00% on income up to $12,800
- 4.50% on income $12,801 to $17,650
- 5.25% on income $17,651 to $20,900
- 5.50% on income $20,901 to $107,650
- 6.00% on income $107,651 to $269,300
- 6.85% on income $269,301 to $1,616,450
- 9.65% on income $1,616,451 to $5,000,000
- 10.30% on income $5,000,001 to $25,000,000
- 10.90% on income over $25,000,000
Tax Computation¶
New York uses federal AGI as starting point:
- Start with federal AGI
- Add New York additions (e.g., state tax refunds, certain bond interest)
- Subtract New York subtractions (e.g., pension income exclusion, Social Security, certain college savings)
- Result = New York AGI
- Subtract itemized deductions or standard deduction
- Subtract dependent exemptions
- Result = New York taxable income
- Apply tax rates above
Details¶
New York Additions to Federal AGI¶
Common additions:
State and local tax refunds: - If deducted on federal Schedule A in prior year - Taxable for New York purposes
Interest on non-NY state and local bonds: - Exempt from federal tax but taxable for NY - Example: California municipal bond interest
Certain partnership and S corporation income: - Adjustments for federal vs. NY differences
Section 529 plan rollovers: - Certain 529-to-529 rollovers may require adjustment
New York Subtractions from Federal AGI¶
Pension and annuity income exclusion: - Up to $20,000 exclusion for taxpayers age 59.5 or older - Applies to pension, annuity, IRA, and certain other retirement income - Reduced dollar-for-dollar by Social Security/RR benefits excluded on federal return
Social Security benefits: - Fully exempt from New York tax (even if taxable federally)
US government bond interest: - Exempt from state tax (taxable federally)
529 plan contributions: - Up to $5,000 deduction per taxpayer ($10,000 MFJ) - NY 529 Direct Plan contributions only
Public employee retirement contributions: - Contributions to NY state and local retirement systems
Itemized Deductions¶
New York allows most federal itemized deductions with modifications:
Differences from federal:
State and local taxes: - Fully deductible (no $10,000 cap like federal) - Includes state income tax, local income tax, property tax, sales tax
Mortgage interest: - Generally follows federal rules - Acquisition debt limitation same as federal
Charitable contributions: - Generally follows federal rules - No special NY modifications for most taxpayers
Medical expenses: - Same 7.5% AGI floor as federal
Miscellaneous itemized deductions: - NOT allowed (suspended like federal through 2025)
Capital Gains¶
No preferential rate - New York taxes capital gains as ordinary income at full rates (4.00% to 10.90%).
Short-term vs. long-term: - No distinction for New York - Both taxed at ordinary income rates
Federal vs. New York: - Federal: 0%, 15%, 20% rates for long-term gains - New York: full ordinary income rates
Tax planning: - Selling appreciated assets while NY resident can result in 10.90% state tax - Plus 3.876% NYC tax if NYC resident - Plus federal tax (20% + 3.8% NIIT) = effective rate over 38%
Credits¶
New York offers various credits:
Household credit: - For low-to-moderate income taxpayers - Reduces tax liability - Phased out at higher income levels
NYC school tax credit: - For NYC residents - Partially offsets NYC tax for some taxpayers
Child and dependent care credit: - Based on federal credit - Percentage of federal credit (20% to 110% depending on income)
Empire State child credit: - For families with qualifying children - Income limits apply
Earned income credit: - 30% of federal EITC - Refundable
Real property tax credit: - For homeowners and renters - Income limits apply - Reduces tax on residence
College tuition credit: - For qualifying tuition expenses at NY institutions - Income limits and phase-outs apply
High Earner Rates¶
Millionaire's tax (extended multiple times):
Original expiration: 2011, extended through at least 2027
Higher brackets for income over thresholds: - Single/MFS: over $1,077,550 - MFJ/QSS: over $2,155,350 - HOH: over $1,616,450
Rates: - 9.65% on income up to $5,000,000 - 10.30% on income $5,000,001 to $25,000,000 - 10.90% on income over $25,000,000
Combined with NYC tax: - Top combined rate: 10.90% + 3.876% = 14.776% - Highest city+state rate in the nation
Citations¶
New York Tax Law: - NY Tax Law § 601 - Imposition of tax - NY Tax Law § 605 - Tax rates and tables - NY Tax Law § 611 - New York adjusted gross income - NY Tax Law § 612 - New York deductions - NY Tax Law § 606 - Credits against tax
Regulations: - 20 NYCRR § 112.1 - New York adjusted gross income of resident individuals - 20 NYCRR § 112.2 - New York itemized deductions
Forms: - IT-201 - Resident Income Tax Return - IT-196 - New York Resident, Nonresident, and Part-Year Resident Itemized Deductions - IT-201-ATT - Other Tax Credits and Taxes
NYS Department of Taxation and Finance: - Instructions for Form IT-201 - Publication 36 - General Information for Senior Citizens and Retired Persons - https://www.tax.ny.gov/pit/